Monday, 29 April 2024, 7:07 PM
Site: edulabs.org academy
Course: Activity Examples (Activity Examples)
Glossary: English Words From Voice of America (Charles Kelly)
A
a (an)one; any; each |
ablehaving the power to do something |
aboutalmost ("about half"); of or having a relation to ("We talk about the weather.") |
aboveat a higher place |
acceptto agree to receive |
accidentsomething that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event |
accuseto say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement against someone |
acrossfrom side to side; to the other side |
actto do something |
activistone who seeks change through action |
actorsomeone acting in a play or show |
addto put (something) with another to make it larger; to say more |
administrationthe executive part of a government, usually headed by a president or prime minister |
admitto accept ("admitted to the United Nations"); to express one's guilt or responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.") |
adulta grown person |
adviseto help with information, knowledge or ideas in making a decision |
affectto produce an effect on; to influence ("A lack of sleep affected the singer's performance.") |
afraidfeeling fear |
afterlater; behind |
againanother time; as before |
againstopposed to; not agreeing with something |
agehow old a person or thing is |
agencyan organization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United Nations") |
aggressionan attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's borders |
agoof time past; before now |
agreeto have the same belief as someone; to be willing to do something |
agriculturefarming |
aidto help; to support; n. help, assistance |
aimto point a gun at; n. a goal or purpose |
airthe mixture of gases around the earth, mostly nitrogen and oxygen, that we breathe |
air forcea military organization using airplanes |
airplanea vehicle with wings that flies |
airporta place where airplanes take off and land |
albuma collection of recorded music |
alcohola strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in industrial products |
alivehaving life; not dead |
alleverything; everyone; the complete amount |
allya nation or person joined with another for a special purpose |
almosta little less than completely |
aloneseparated from others |
alongnear or on ("along the road") |
alreadybefore now; even now |
alsoadded to; too |
althougheven if it is true that |
alwaysat all times; every time |
ambassadora nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another government) |
amendto add to or to change (a proposal or law) |
ammunitionthe bullets or shells fired from guns |
amongin or part of (a group) |
amountthe number, size or weight of anything |
anarchya lack of order; lawlessness |
ancestora family member from the past |
ancientvery old; long ago |
andalso; in addition to; with |
angera strong emotion against someone or something |
animala living creature that moves, such as a dog or cat |
anniversarya yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the past |
announceto make known publicly; to declare officially |
anotherone more; a different one |
answera statement produced by a question; v. to make a statement after being asked a question |
anyone or more of no special kind |
apologizeto express regret for a mistake or accident for which one accepts responsibility |
appealto take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on somebody for help |
appearto show oneself; to come into sight; to seem |
appointto name; to choose ("appoint a judge") |
approveto agree with; to agree to support |
archeologythe scientific study of past human life and activities |
areaany place or part of it |
argueto offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree |
armsmilitary equipment; weapons |
armymilitary ground forces |
aroundon every side (of) |
arrestto seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner |
arriveto come to a place, especially at the end of a trip |
artexpressions or creations by humans, such as paintings, music, writing or statues |
artillerybig guns |
asequally ("as fast as"); when; while |
ashthe part left after something burns |
askto question; to say something is wanted ("We ask the teacher questions every day.") |
assistto help |
astronauta person who travels in space |
astronomythe scientific study of stars and the universe |
asylumpolitical protection given by a government to a person from another country |
atin or near ("at the edge"); where ("look at"); when ("at noon") |
atmospherethe gases surrounding any star or planet |
atoma very small part of all things; the smallest part of an element that can join with parts of other elements |
attachto tie together; to connect |
attacka violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight |
attemptto work toward something; to try; to make an effort |
attendto be present at |
automobilea vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car |
autumnthe time of the year between summer and winter |
averagesomething (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal |
avoidto stay away from |
awakenot sleeping |
awardan honor or prize for an act or service |
awaynot near |
B
babya newly born creature |
backthe part behind the front; ad. the other way from forward |
bacterialiving things that are one cell and can be seen only through a microscope; some cause disease |
badwrong; acting against the law; not good |
balanceto make two sides or forces equal |
ballsomething round |
balloona device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter than air |
ballota piece of paper used for voting |
banto not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction |
bankan organization that keeps and lends money |
barto prevent or block |
barrieranything that blocks or makes an action difficult |
basea military center; v. to establish as a fact ("Her research was based on experiments.") |
battlea fight between opposing armed forces |
beto live; to happen; to exist |
beatto hit again and again |
beautythat which pleases the eye, ear or spirit |
becausefor the reason that ("He left because he was sick.") |
becometo come to be |
beda sleeping place |
beforeearlier |
beginto do the first part of an action; to start |
behindat the back of; in back of |
believeto think; to feel sure of; to accept as true; to trust |
bellan instrument that makes a musical sound ("a church bell") |
belongto be owned by; to be a member of |
belowlower than |
bestthe most good |
betrayto turn against; to be false to |
bettermore good than |
betweenin the space or time that separates; from one to the other ("talks between two nations") |
bigof great size; not small |
billa legislative proposal |
biologythe scientific study of life or living things in all their forms |
birda creature that flies |
biteto cut with the teeth |
blackdark; having the color like that of the night sky |
blameto accuse; to hold responsible |
blanketa cloth cover used to keep warm |
bleedto lose blood |
blindnot able to see |
blockto stop something from being done; to prevent movement |
bloodred fluid in the body |
blowto move with force, as in air ("The wind blows.") |
bluehaving the color like that of a clear sky |
boatsomething built to travel on water that carries people or goods |
bodyall of a person or animal; the remains of a person or animal |
boilto heat a liquid until it becomes very hot |
bomba device that explodes with great force; v. to attack or destroy with bombs |
bonethe hard material in the body |
booka long written work for reading |
bordera dividing line between nations |
bornto come to life; to come into existence |
borrowto take as a loan |
bothnot just one of two, but the two together |
bottlea container, usually made of glass, to hold liquid |
bottomthe lowest part of something |
boxsomething to put things into; a container, usually made of paper or wood |
boya young male person |
boycottto refuse to take part in or deal with |
brainthe control center of thought, emotions and body activity of all creatures |
bravehaving no fear |
breada food made from grain |
breakto divide into parts by force; to destroy |
breatheto take air into the body and let it out again |
bridgea structure built over a waterway, valley or road so people and vehicles can cross from one side to the other |
briefshort; not long |
brightgiving much light; strong and clear in color |
bringto come with something |
broadcastto send information, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio or television program |
brothera male with the same father or mother as another person |
brownhaving the color like that of coffee |
budgeta spending plan |
buildto join materials together to make something |
buildinganything built for use as a house, factory, office, school, store or place of entertainment |
bulleta small piece of metal shot from a gun |
burnto be on fire; to destroy or damage by fire |
burstto break open suddenly |
buryto put into the ground and cover with earth |
busa public vehicle to carry people |
businessone's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade |
busydoing something; very active |
buthowever; other than; yet |
buyto get by paying something, usually money |
bynear; at; next to ("by the road"); from ("a play by William Shakespeare"); not later than ("by midnight") |
C
cabineta group of ministers that helps lead a government |
callto give a name to ("I call myself John."); to ask for or request ("They called for an end to the fighting.") |
calmquiet; peaceful; opposite tense |
cameraa device for taking pictures |
campa place with temporary housing |
campaigna competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from voters; a connected series of military actions during a war |
canto be able to; to have the right to; n. a container used to hold liquid or food, usually made of metal |
cancelto end; to stop |
cancera disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the body |
candidatea person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor |
capitalthe official center of a government; the city where a country's government is |
capitalisman economic system in which the production of most goods and services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies |
captureto make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get control of |
cara vehicle with wheels used to carry people; an automobile; a part of a train |
careto like; to protect; to feel worry or interest |
carefulacting safely; with much thought |
carryto take something or someone from one place to another |
carry outto do; to put into effect ("Please carry out the plan.") |
case (court)a legal action |
case (medical)an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox at the school.") |
cata small animal that often lives with humans |
catchto seize after a chase; to stop and seize with the hands |
causeto make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result |
ceasefirea halt in fighting, usually by agreement |
celebrateto honor a person or event with special activities |
cella small mass of living material that is part of all plants and animals |
centerthe middle of something; the place in the middle; a place that is the main point of an activity |
centuryone hundred years |
ceremonyan act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition |
chairmana person leading a meeting or an organized group |
championthe best; the winner |
chancea possibility of winning or losing or that something will happen |
changeto make different; to become different |
chargeto accuse someone of something, usually a crime; n. a statement in which someone is accused of something |
chaseto run or go after someone or something |
cheatto get by a trick; to steal from |
cheerto shout approval or praise |
chemicalselements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the science of chemistry |
chemistrythe scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they act under different conditions, and how they form other substances |
chiefthe head or leader of a group; ad. leading; most important |
childa baby; a boy or girl |
childrenmore than one child |
chooseto decide between two or more |
chromosomea line of genes; most human cells contain 46 chromosomes |
circlea closed shape that has all its points equally distant from the center, like an "O" |
citizena person who is a member of a country by birth or by law |
cityany important large town |
civil rightsthe political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of a nation |
civiliannot military |
claimto say something as a fact |
clasha battle; v. to fight or oppose |
cleanto make pure; ad. free from dirt or harmful substances ("clean water") |
cleareasy to see or see through; easily understood |
clergya body of officials within a religious organization |
climatethe normal weather conditions of a place |
climbto go up or down something by using the feet and sometimes the hands |
clocka device that measures and shows time |
closeto make something not open; ad. near to |
clotha material made from plants, chemicals, animal hair and other substances |
clotheswhat people wear |
clouda mass of fog high in the sky |
coala solid black substance used as fuel |
coalitionforces, groups or nations joined together |
coastland on the edge of the ocean |
coffeea drink made from the plant of the same name |
coldnot warm; having or feeling great coolness or a low temperature |
collectto bring or gather together in one place; to demand and receive ("collect taxes") |
collegea small university |
colonyland controlled by another country or government |
colorthe different effects of light on the eye, making blue, red, brown, black, yellow and others |
combineto mix or bring together |
cometo move toward; to arrive |
commandto order; to have power over something |
commentto say something about; to express an opinion about something |
committeea group of people given special work |
commonusual; same for all ("a common purpose") |
communicateto tell; to give or exchange information |
communitya group of people living together in one place or area |
companya business organized for trade, industrial or other purposes |
compareto examine what is different or similar |
competeto try to do as well as, or better than, another or others |
completehaving all parts; ended or finished |
complexof or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple |
compounda substance containing two or more elements |
compromisethe settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept less than first demanded |
computeran electronic machine for storing and organizing information, and for communicating with others |
concerninterest, worry ("express concern about"); v. to fear ("to be concerned") |
condemnto say a person or action is wrong or bad |
conditionsomething declared necessary to complete an agreement; a person's health |
conferencea meeting |
confirmto approve; to say that something is true |
conflicta fight; a battle, especially a long one |
congratulateto praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck |
Congressthe organization of people elected to make the laws of the United States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in other countries |
connectto join one thing to another; to unite; to link |
conservativeone who usually supports tradition and opposes great change |
considerto give thought to; to think about carefully |
constitutionthe written general laws and ideas that form a nation's system of government |
containto hold; to include |
containera box, bottle or can used to hold something |
continentany of the seven great land areas of the world |
continueto go on doing or being |
controlto direct; to have power over |
conventiona large meeting for a special purpose |
cookto heat food before eating it |
coolalmost cold |
cooperateto act or work together |
copyto make something exactly like another; n. something made to look exactly like another |
corna food grain |
correcttrue; free from mistakes; v. to change to what is right |
costthe price or value of something ("The cost of the book is five dollars."); v. to be valued at ("The book costs five dollars.") |
cottona material made from a plant of the same name |
countto speak or add numbers |
countrya nation; the territory of a nation; land away from cities |
courtwhere trials take place; where judges make decisions about law |
coverto put something over a person or thing; n. anything that is put over a person or thing |
cowa farm animal used for its milk |
crashto fall violently; to hit with great force |
createto make; to give life or form to |
creatureany living being; any animal or human |
creditan agreement that payments will be made at a later time |
crewa group of people working together |
crimean act that violates a law |
criminala person who is responsible for a crime |
crisisan extremely important time when something may become much better or worse; a dangerous situation |
criticizeto say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to judge |
cropsplants that are grown and gathered for food, such as grains, fruits and vegetables |
crossto go from one side to another; to go across |
crowda large number of people gathered in one place |
crushto damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely |
cryto express or show sorrow or pain |
cultureall the beliefs, traditions and arts of a group or population |
cureto improve health; to make well ("The doctor can cure the disease."); n. something that makes a sick person well ("Antibiotics are a cure for infection.") |
curfewan order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses |
currentmovement of air, water or electricity; ad. belonging to the present time ("She found the report in a current publication.") |
customa long-established belief or activity of a people |
customstaxes on imports |
cutto divide or injure with a sharp tool; to make less; to reduce |
D
dama wall built across a river to hold back flowing water |
damageto cause injury or destruction; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things |
danceto move the body and feet to music; n. a series of steps, usually to music |
dangera strong chance of suffering injury, damage or loss |
darkhaving little or no light ("The room was dark.") |
datean expression of time; a day, month and year |
daughtera person's female child |
daytwenty-four hours; the hours of sunlight |
deadnot living |
deafnot able to hear |
dealto have to do with ("The talks will deal with the problem of pollution."); to buy or sell ("Her company deals in plastic.") |
debateto argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument |
debtsomething that is owed; the condition of owing |
decideto choose; to settle; to judge |
declareto say; to make a statement |
decreaseto make less in size or amount |
deepgoing far down; a long way from top to bottom |
defeatto cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having lost |
defendto guard or fight against attack; to protect |
deficita shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or imports are greater than exports |
defineto give the meaning of; to explain |
degreea measure of temperature |
delayto decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late |
delegateone sent to act for another; one who represents another |
demandto ask by ordering; to ask with force |
democracythe system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or to make other important decisions |
demonstrateto make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd demonstrated in support of human rights."); to explain by using examples ("The teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") |
denounceto accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely |
denseclose together; thick |
denyto declare that something is not true; to refuse a request |
dependto need help and support |
deploreto regret strongly; to express sadness |
deployto move forces or weapons into positions for action |
depressionsevere unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic activity during which many people lose their jobs |
describeto give a word picture of something; to give details of something |
deserta dry area of land |
designto plan or create plans for |
desireto want very much; to wish for |
destroyto break into pieces; to end the existence of |
detaila small part of something; a small piece of information |
developto grow; to create; to experience progress |
devicea piece of equipment made for a special purpose |
dictatora ruler with complete power |
dieto become dead; to stop living; to end |
dietusual daily food and drink |
differentnot the same |
difficultnot easy; hard to do, make or carry out |
digto make a hole in the ground |
dinnerthe main amount of food eaten at a usual time ("The family had its dinner at noon."); a special event that includes food ("The official dinner took place at the White House.") |
diplomata person who represents his or her government in dealing with another government |
directto lead; to aim or show the way ("He directed me to the theater."); ad. straight to something; not through some other person or thing ("The path is direct.") |
directionthe way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came from or went to |
dirtearth or soil |
disnot (dishonest, disobey) |
disappearto become unseen; to no longer exist |
disarmto take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb harmless by removing its exploding device |
discoverto find or learn something |
discussto talk about; to exchange ideas |
diseasea sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria |
dismissto send away; to refuse to consider |
disputeto oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate |
dissidenta person who strongly disagrees with his or her government |
distancethe amount of space between two places or objects ("The distance from my house to your house is two kilometers.") |
diveto jump into water head first |
divideto separate into two or more parts |
doto act; to make an effort |
doctora person trained in medicine to treat sick people |
documentan official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or support of something |
doga small animal that often lives with humans |
dollarUnited States money, one hundred cents |
dooran opening for entering or leaving a building or room |
downfrom higher to lower; in a low place |
dreamto have a picture or story in the mind during sleep; n. a picture or story in the mind during sleep; a happy idea about the future |
drinkto take liquid into the body through the mouth |
driveto control a moving vehicle |
dropto fall or let fall; to go lower |
drownto die under water |
druganything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance used to ease pain or to affect the mind |
drynot wet; without rain |
duringthrough the whole time; while (something is happening) |
dustpieces of matter so small that they can float in the air |
dutyone's job or responsibility; what one must do because it is right and just |
E
eachevery one by itself |
earlyat or near the beginning, especially the beginning of the day; opposite late |
earnto be paid in return for work done |
earththe planet we all live on; the ground or soil |
earthquakea sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface |
easeto reduce; to make less difficult |
eastthe direction from which the sun rises |
easynot difficult; not hard to do |
eatto take food into the body through the mouth |
ecologythe scientific study of the environment and links among living and material things |
economythe system by which money, industry and trade are organized |
edgethe line where something ends or begins |
educationthe act of teaching |
effectthe result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious effect on the economy.") |
effortan attempt; the work necessary to do something |
eggthe rounded object containing unborn young produced by female birds, fish or reptiles; a single cell in a female person or animal that can develop into a baby |
eitherone of two, but not the other |
electto choose by voting |
electricitya form of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light, and power to machines |
electrona small part of an atom that has an electrical force |
elementone of more than 100 substances known to science that cannot be separated into other substances |
embassythe offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants |
emergencyan unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action |
emotiona strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness |
employto give work in return for wages |
emptyhaving nothing inside; v. to remove everything |
endto stop; to finish; n. the part which comes last |
enemya person opposing or hating another; a person or people of the other side in a war |
energypower used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and willingness to be active |
enforceto make something be done |
enginea machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work |
engineera person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads |
enjoyto be pleased or satisfied by something |
enoughas much as necessary; pro. the amount needed |
enterto come or go into |
environmentall surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life; the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals |
enzymea special kind of protein; it produces changes in other substances without being changed itself |
equalthe same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights |
equipmentthings, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity |
escapeto get free; to get away from; to get out of |
especiallymore than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.") |
establishto bring into existence; to create |
estimateto form an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than complete information |
ethnicof or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race, religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived |
evaporateto change from a liquid into a gas |
evenin a way not thought possible ("They survived, even though the building was destroyed.") |
eventthat which happens, especially something of importance |
everat any time |
everyeach one; all |
evidencematerial or facts that prove something; a reason for believing |
evilnot good; extremely bad |
exacthaving no mistakes; correct in every detail |
examineto study closely |
examplea part that shows what the rest of a thing or group is like |
excellentextremely good |
exceptbut for |
exchangeto trade; to give or receive one thing for another |
excuseto take away blame; to pardon; to forgive; n. a reason (sometimes false) for an action |
executeto kill |
exercisean activity or effort for the purpose of improving the body or to stay in good health |
exileto force a person to leave his or her country; to expel; n. a person who is forced to leave his or her country |
existto be; to live |
expandto make larger; to grow larger |
expectto think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event |
expelto force out; to remove from; to send away |
experienceto live through an event, situation or condition ("She experienced great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through ("The experience caused her great pain.") |
experimentto test; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or false, or to discover something |
experta person with special knowledge or training |
explainto give reasons for; to make clear; to tell about; to tell the meaning |
explodeto break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb |
exploreto travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to make a careful search; to examine closely |
exportto send to another country; n. something sent to another country, usually for sale |
expressto say clearly |
extendto stretch out in area or length; to continue for a longer time |
extramore than normal, expected or necessary |
extrememore than the usual or accepted |
extremista person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an extreme or violent way |
F
facethe front of the head: eyes, nose, mouth; v. to look toward; to turn toward; to have before you, such as a problem or danger |
factsomething known or proved to be true |
factorya building or group of buildings where goods are made |
failto not succeed; to not reach a goal |
fairjust; honest; what is right |
fallto go down quickly; to come down; to drop to the ground or a lower position |
falsenot true; not correct |
familythe group that includes children and their parents |
famousknown very well to many people |
farat, to or from a great distance |
farmland used to grow crops and animals for food |
fastmoving or working at great speed; quick |
fattissue in the bodies of humans and animals used to store energy and to keep warm; ad. thick; heavy |
fatherthe male parent; a man who has a child or children |
fearto be afraid; to worry that something bad is near or may happen ("He feared falling down."); n. a strong emotion when there is danger or trouble ("He had a fear that he would fall down.") |
federalof or having to do with a national or central government |
feedto give food to |
feelto have or experience an emotion; to know by touching |
femalea woman or girl; the sex that gives birth; ad. of or about women |
fencesomething around an area of land to keep animals or people in or out |
fertilerich in production of plants or animals; producing much |
fetusunborn young |
fewnot many; a small number of |
fieldan area of open land, usually used to grow crops or to raise animals |
fierceextremely strong; violent; angry |
fightto use violence or force; to attempt to defeat or destroy an enemy; n. the use of force; a battle |
fillto put or pour something into a container until there is space for no more |
filmto record something so it can be seen again; to make a motion picture or movie; n. a thin piece of material for making pictures with a camera; a movie |
finalat the end; last |
financialof or about the system that includes the use of money, credit, investments and banks |
findto discover or learn something by searching or by accident; to decide a court case ("The jury finds the man guilty of murder.") |
finea payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime; ad. very good; very small or thin |
finishto complete; to end |
fireto shoot a gun; n. the heat and light produced by something burning |
fireworksrockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations |
firmnot easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.") |
firstcoming before all others |
fisha creature that lives and can breathe in water |
fissiona splitting; in atomic fission, the nucleus of an atom is split to produce nuclear energy |
fitto be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.") |
fixto make good or right again |
flaga piece of colored cloth used to represent a nation, government or organization |
flatsmooth; having no high places |
fleeto run away from |
floatto be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or through air |
floodto cover with water; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean onto land |
floorthe bottom part of a room for walking on ("The book fell to the floor."); the level of a building ("The fire was on the first floor.") |
flowto move like a liquid |
flowerthe colored part of plants that carry seeds |
fluidany substance that can flow, such as a liquid |
flyto move through the air with wings, like a bird or airplane; to travel in an airplane or flying vehicle |
foga mass of wet air that is difficult to see through; a cloud close to the ground |
followto come or go after; to accept the rule or power of; to obey |
foodthat which is taken in by all living things for energy, strength and growth |
foolto make someone believe something that is not true; to trick; n. a person who is tricked easily |
footthe bottom part of the leg; the part of the body that touches the ground when a person or animal walks |
forbecause of ("He is famous for his work."); in exchange ("Give me one dollar for the book."); through space or time ("They travelled for one hour."); representative of ("I speak for all people."); to be employed by ("She works for a computer company.") |
forceto make someone do something or make something happen by using power; n. power, strength; strength used against a person or object; military power of a nation; a military group |
foreignof, about or from another nation; not from one's own place or country |
foresta place of many trees |
forgetto not remember |
forgiveto pardon; to excuse; to remove guilt |
formto make; to start; to shape ("They formed a swim team."); n. a kind ("Swimming is a form of exercise.") |
formerearlier in time; not now |
forwardthe direction in front of; toward the front |
freeto release; ad. not controlled by another or by outside forces; not in prison; independent; not limited by rules; without cost |
freedomthe condition of being free |
freezeto cause or to become very cold; to make or to become hard by cold |
freshnewly made or gathered; recent |
frienda person one likes and trusts |
frightento cause great fear |
fromhaving a person, place or thing as a beginning or cause ("It is a message from the president."); at a place distant, not near ("The school is five kilometers from my home."); because of ("He is suffering from cancer.") |
frontthe forward part; the opposite of back; the beginning; the first part |
fruitfood from trees and plants |
fuelany substance burned to create heat or power |
fullcontaining as much as a person or thing can hold; complete |
funanything that is pleasing and causes happiness |
funerala ceremony held in connection with the burial or burning of the dead |
fusiona joining together; in atomic fusion, atomic particles are joined together to produce nuclear energy |
futuretime after now ("We can talk about it in the future."); ad. in the time to come ("All future meetings will be held in this room.") |
G
gainto get possession of; to get more; to increase |
gamean activity with rules in which people or teams play or compete, usually sports |
gasany substance that is not solid or liquid; any substance that burns to provide heat, light or power |
gatherto bring or come together into a group or place; to collect |
generala high military leader; ad. without details; affecting or including all or almost all |
genesparts of cells that control the growth and development of living things; genes from the mother and father are passed to the child; genes contain nucleic acid |
genetic engineeringthe science of changing the genes of a living organism |
gentlesoft; kind; not rough or violent |
getto receive; to gain; to go and bring back; to become; to become the owner of |
giftsomething given without cost |
girla young female person |
giveto present to another to keep without receiving payment |
glassa hard, clear material that is easily broken, used most often for windows or for containers to hold liquids |
goto move from one place to another; to leave |
goalthat toward which an effort is directed; that which is aimed at; the end of a trip or race |
godthe spirit that is honored as creator of all things ("They believe in God."); a spirit or being believed in many religions to have special powers |
golda highly valued yellow metal |
goodpleasing; helpful; kind; correct; not bad |
goodsthings owned or made to be sold |
governto control; to rule by military or political power |
governmenta system of governing; the organization of people that rules a country, city or area |
grainthe seed of grass plants used for food, such as wheat, rice and corn; those plants that produce the seeds |
granddaughterthe daughter of a person's daughter or son |
grandfatherthe father of a person's father or mother |
grandmotherthe mother of a person's father or mother |
grandsonthe son of a person's daughter or son |
grassa plant with long, narrow, green leaves |
gravitythe force that pulls things toward the center of the earth |
grayhaving the color like that made by mixing black and white |
greatvery large or more than usual in size or number; very good; important |
greenhaving the color like that made by mixing yellow and blue; having the color like that of growing leaves and grass |
grindto reduce to small pieces by crushing |
groundland; the earth's surface; soil |
groupa number of people or things together; a gathering of people working for a common purpose |
growto develop or become bigger; to increase in size or amount |
guaranteeto promise a result; to promise that something will happen |
guardto watch and protect a person, place or thing ("He guards the president."); n. a person or thing that watches or protects ("He is a prison guard.") |
guerrillaa person who fights as part of an unofficial army, usually against an official army or police |
guideto lead to; to show the way; n. one who shows the way |
guiltyhaving done something wrong or in violation of a law; responsible for a bad action |
guna weapon that shoots bullets |
H
hairthe fine material that grows from the skin, especially from the head |
halfone of two equal parts of something |
haltto come or cause to come to a stop; to stop |
hangto place something so the highest part is supported and the lower part is not; to kill by hanging |
happento become a fact or event; to take place |
happypleased; satisfied; feeling good; not sad |
hardnot easily cut or broken; solid; difficult to do or understand; needing much effort or force |
harmto injure; to damage; n. damage; hurt |
harvestto gather crops; n. the crop after it is gathered |
hata head cover |
hateto have strong emotions against; to consider as an enemy; opposite love |
haveto possess; to own; to hold |
hethe boy or man who is being spoken about |
headto lead; to command; n. leader; chief; the top part of something; the highest position |
headquartersthe center from which orders are given; the main offices of a business or organization |
healto return to good health; to cure; to become well |
healththe general condition of the body and mind; the condition of being free from sickness or disease |
hearto receive sound through the ears; to receive news about |
heartpumps blood through the body |
heatto make hot or warm; n. great warmth; that which is produced by burning fuel; energy from the sun |
heavyhaving much weight; not easy to lift; of great amount or force |
helicoptera machine without wings that can fly up or down or remain in one place above the ground |
helpto give support; to assist; to make easier; n. support; aid |
herein, to or at this place |
heroa person honored for being brave or wise |
hideto prevent from being seen or found; to make secret |
hightall; far up; far above the ground; important; above others |
hijackto seize or take control of a vehicle by force |
hilla small mountain |
historythe written record or description of past events; the study of the past |
hitto strike; to touch with force |
holdto carry or support, usually in the hands or arms; to keep in one position; to keep as a prisoner; to contain; to possess; to occupy; to organize and be involved in ("The two sides hold talks this week.") |
holean opening; a torn or broken place in something |
holidaya day when one does not work; a day on which no work is done to honor or remember a person or event |
holygreatly honored in religion |
homethe building where a person lives, especially with family; the place where one was born or comes from; the area or country where one lives |
honesttruthful; able to be trusted |
honorto obey; to show strong, good feelings for ("to honor one's parents"); n. an award; an act of giving special recognition ("He received many honors for his efforts to help others.") |
hopeto expect; to believe there is a good chance that something will happen as wanted; to want something to happen |
horriblecausing great fear; terrible |
horsea large animal often used for racing, riding or farm work |
hospitala place where sick or injured people are given medical care |
hostagea person captured and held as a guarantee that a demand or promise will be honored |
hostileready to fight; ready for war |
hothaving or feeling great heat or a high temperature |
hotela building with rooms, and often food, for travellers |
houra measure of time; sixty minutes |
housea building in which people live; a country's parliament or lawmaking group ("House of Representatives") |
howin what way; to what amount |
howeveryet; but |
hugevery big; of great size |
humanof or about people |
humorthe ability to understand, enjoy or express what makes people laugh |
hungerthe need for food |
huntto search for animals to capture or kill them; to seek; to try to find |
hurryto do or go fast |
hurtto cause pain, injury or damage |
husbanda man who is married |
I
Ithe person speaking |
icefrozen water |
ideaa thought or picture in the mind; a belief |
identifyto recognize someone or something and to say who or what they are |
ifon condition; provided that ("I will go if you go.") |
illegalnot legal; in violation of a law |
imagea reproduction of the appearance of a person or thing |
imagineto make a picture in the mind; to form an idea |
immediatewithout delay; very near in time or place |
importto bring from another country; n. something brought from another country, usually for sale |
importanthaving great meaning, value or power |
improveto make better; to become better |
ininside; held by; contained by; surrounded by; during |
incidentan event or something that happens |
inciteto urge or cause an action or emotion, usually something bad or violent |
includeto have; to make a part of |
increaseto make more in size or amount |
independentnot influenced by or controlled by another or others; free; separate |
individualone person |
industryany business that produces goods or provides services; the work and related activity in factories and offices; all organizations involved in manufacturing |
infectto make sick with something that causes disease |
inflationa continuing rise in prices while the value of money goes down |
influenceto have an effect on someone or something; to cause change |
informto tell; to give knowledge to |
informationknowledge; facts |
injectto force a fluid into, such as putting medicine or drugs into the body through the skin |
injureto cause harm or damage to a person or animal |
innocentnot guilty of a crime; not responsible for a bad action |
insanementally sick |
insecta very small creature, usually with many legs and sometimes with wings |
inspectto look at something carefully; to examine, especially by an expert |
insteadin the place of; taking the place of |
instrumenta tool or device designed to do something or to make something |
insultto say something or to do something that makes another person angry or dishonored |
intelligencethe ability to think or learn; information gathered by spying |
intelligentquick to understand or learn |
intensevery strong; extremely serious |
interestwhat is important to someone ("He acted to protect his interests." "She had a great interest in painting."); a share in owning a business; money paid for the use of money borrowed |
interfereto get in the way of; to work against; to take part in the activities of others, especially when not asked to do so |
internationalof or about more than one nation or many nations; of the whole world |
interveneto come between; to come between in order to settle or solve |
intestinestubes through which food passes after it is broken down in the stomach; part of the intestines also remove solid wastes from the body |
invadeto enter an area or country by force with an army |
inventto plan and make something never made before; to create a new thing or way of doing something |
investto give money to a business or organization with the hope of making more money |
investigateto study or examine all information about an event, situation or charge; to search for the truth |
inviteto ask someone to take part in or join an event, organization or gathering |
involveto take part in; to become a part of; to include |
irona strong, hard metal used to make machines and tools |
islanda land area with water all around it |
issuean important problem or subject that people are discussing or arguing about |
ita thing, place, event or idea that is being spoken about ("The sky is blue, but it also has a few white clouds.") |
J
jaila prison for those waiting to be tried for a crime or for those serving sentences for crimes that are not serious |
jewela valuable stone, such as a diamond or emerald |
jobthe work that one does to earn money |
jointo put together or come together; to become part of or a member of |
jointshared by two or more |
jokesomething done or said to cause others to laugh |
judgeto form an opinion about; to decide a question, especially a legal one; n. a public official who decides problems of law in a court |
jumpto push down on the feet and move up quickly into the air |
jurya group of people chosen to decide what is true in a trial |
justonly ("Help me for just a minute."); very shortly before or after the present ("He just left."); at the same time ("He left just as I came in."); what is right or fair ("The law is just, in my opinion.") |
K
keepto possess; to have for oneself |
kickto hit with the foot |
kidnapto seize and take away by force |
kidneycleans liquid wastes from the body |
killto make dead; to cause to die |
kindsort ("What kind of dog is that?"); ad. gentle; caring; helpful |
kissto touch with the mouth to show love or honor |
knifea tool or weapon used to cut |
knowto understand something as correct; to have the facts about; to recognize someone because you have met and talked together before |
knowledgethat which is known; learning or understanding |
L
laborwork; workers as a group |
laboratorya room or place where experiments in science are done |
lackto be without; n. the condition of needing, wanting or not having |
lakea large area of fresh water surrounded by land |
landto come to the earth from the air ("Airplanes land at airports."); n. the part of the earth not covered by water; the ground |
languagewords and their use; what people speak in a country, nation or group |
largebig; being of more than usual size, amount or number; opposite small |
laseran instrument that makes a thin, powerful light |
lastto continue ("The talks will last three days."); ad. after all others; the only one remaining ("She is the last person in line.") |
lateafter the correct time; near the end; opposite early |
laughto make sounds to express pleasure or happy feelings |
launchto put into operation; to begin; to send into the air or space |
lawall or any rules made by a government |
leadto show the way; to command; to control; to go first |
leakto come out of or to escape through a small opening or hole (usually a gas or liquid) |
learnto get knowledge about; to come to know a fact or facts |
leaveto go away from; to let something stay where it is |
lefton the side that is toward the west when one is facing north; opposite right |
legalof or in agreement with the law |
legislaturea government lawmaking group |
lendto permit someone to use a thing temporarily; to make a loan of money |
lesssmaller in amount; not as much |
letto permit to do or to be; to make possible |
lettera message written on paper; a communication in writing sent to another person |
levelthe amount or height that something reaches or rises to; the position of something or someone |
liberalone who usually supports social progress or change |
lieto have one's body on the ground or other surface; to say something that one knows is not true |
lifethe time between being born and dying; opposite death; all living things |
liftto take or bring up to a higher place or level |
lighta form of energy that affects the eyes so that one is able to see; anything that produces light; ad. bright; clear; not heavy |
lightninglight produced by electricity in the air, usually during a storm |
liketo be pleased with; to have good feelings for someone or something; ad. in the same way as; similar to |
limitto restrict to a number or amount; n. the greatest amount or number permitted |
linea long, thin mark on a surface; a number of people or things organized; one after another; the edge of an area protected by military forces |
linkto connect; to unite one thing or event with another; n. a relation between two or more things, situations or events |
liquida substance that is not a solid or gas, and can move freely, like water |
listto put in writing a number of names of people or things; n. a written series of names or things |
listento try to hear |
literatureall the poems, stories and writings of a period of time or of a country |
littlenot tall or big; a small amount |
liveto have life; to exist; ad. having life; alive |
livermakes some proteins and enzymes; removes poisons from the blood |
loadto put objects on or into a vehicle or container; n. that which is carried |
loanmoney borrowed that usually must be returned with interest payments; something borrowed |
localabout or having to do with one place |
lonelyfeeling alone and wanting friends; visited by few or no people ("a lonely man") |
longnot short; measuring from beginning to end; measuring much; for much time |
lookto turn the eyes toward so as to see; to search or hunt for; to seem to be |
loseto have no longer; to not find; to fail to keep; to be defeated |
loudhaving a strong sound; full of sound or noise |
loveto like very much; to feel a strong, kind emotion (sometimes involving sex); n. a strong, kind emotion for someone or something; opposite hate |
lownot high or tall; below the normal height; close to the ground |
loyalshowing strong friendship and support for someone or something |
lucksomething that happens by chance |
lungtakes in and expels air from the body |
M
machinea device with moving parts used to do work |
magazinea publication of news, stories, pictures or other information |
magneta piece of iron or other material that has a pulling force; this pulling force is called magnetism |
letters, papers and other things sent through an official system, such as a post office |
mainthe most important or largest |
majorgreat in size, importance or amount |
majoritythe greater number; more than half |
maketo produce; to create; to build; to do something or to carry out an action; to cause to be or to become |
malea man or boy; the sex that is the father of children; ad. of or about men |
manan adult male human |
manufactureto make goods in large amounts |
manya large number or amount of |
mapa picture of the earth's surface or a part of it |
marchto walk in a group like soldiers; to walk together in a large group to protest about something |
markto make a sign or cut on something |
marketa place or area where goods are sold, bought or traded; an economic system in which the prices of things are decided by how many there are and how much money people are willing to pay for them |
marryto join a man and woman together as husband and wife; to become husband and wife (usually in a religious or civil ceremony) |
massan amount of matter having no special form and usually of a large size |
mateto bring together a male and a female to create another creature |
materialthe substance, substances or matter of which something is made or from which something can be made, such as wood, cloth or stone; anything that can be made into something else |
mathematicsthe science dealing with amounts, sizes and shapes, as explained by numbers and signs |
matteranything that can be seen or felt; what things are made of |
maya word used with an action word to mean permit or possible ("May I go?" "They may leave tomorrow.") |
mayorthe chief official of a city or town government |
mealfood eaten to satisfy hunger, such as dinner |
meanto want to; to give the idea of; to have the idea of |
measureto learn the amount, size or distance of something; n. an action taken; a legislative proposal |
meatthe part of a dead animal used for food |
mediaall public information organizations, including newspapers, television and radio |
medicinea substance or drug used to treat disease or pain; the science or study of treating and curing disease or improving health |
meetto come together with someone or something at the same time and place |
meltto make a solid into a liquid by heating it |
memberone of a group |
memorialsomething done or made to honor the memory of a person or event |
memorya picture in the mind of past events; the ability to remember; a thing remembered |
mentalabout or having to do with the mind |
mercykindness toward those who should be punished; the power to be kind or to pardon |
messagewritten or spoken news or information; a note from one person to another person or group |
metala hard substance such as iron, steel or gold |
methodthe way something is done |
microscopea device used to make very small things look larger so they can be studied |
middlethe center; a place or time of equal distance from both sides or ends; ad. in the center |
militantsomeone active in trying to cause political change, often by the use of force or violence |
militarythe armed forces of a nation or group; ad. of or about the armed forces |
milkthe white liquid produced by female animals to feed their young |
mindthe thinking, feeling part of a person |
mineto dig useful or valuable substances out of the earth; n. a place in the earth where such substances are found; a bomb placed under the ground or under water so it cannot be seen |
minerala substance found in nature that is not an animal or a plant, such as coal or salt |
ministera member of a cabinet; a high government official ("prime minister,"foreign minister") |
minorsmall in size; of little importance |
minoritythe smaller number; opposite majority |
minutea measure of time; one of the sixty equal parts of an hour; sixty seconds |
missto fail to hit, see, reach or meet |
missileany weapon that can be thrown or fired through the air and explodes when it reaches its target |
missinglost; not found |
mistakea wrong action or decision; an action done without the knowledge that it was wrong |
mixto put different things together to make one thing |
moba large group of wild or angry people |
modelan example; something, usually small, made to show how something will look or work |
moderatenot extreme |
modernof the present or very recent time; the most improved |
moleculethe smallest amount of a chemical substance that can exist |
moneypieces of metal or paper used to pay for things |
monthone of the twelve periods of time into which a year is divided |
moonthe bright object often seen in the night sky that orbits the earth about every twenty-nine days |
moralconcerning what is right or wrong in someone's actions |
moregreater in size or amount |
morningthe early part of the day, from sunrise until noon |
mostgreatest in size or amount |
motherthe female parent; a woman who has a child or children |
motiona movement; a continuing change of position or place |
mountaina part of the earth's surface that rises high above the area around it |
mournto express or feel sadness |
moveto change position; to put or keep in motion; to go |
movementthe act of moving or a way of moving; a series of acts or efforts to reach a goal |
moviea motion picture; a film |
muchgreat in amount |
murderto kill another person illegally; n. the crime of killing another person |
musicthe making of sounds by singing or using a musical instrument |
musta word used with an action word to mean necessary ("You must go to school.") |
mysterysomething that is not or cannot be explained or understood; a secret |
N
nameto appoint; to nominate; to give a name to; n. a word by which a person, animal or thing is known or called |
narrowlimited in size or amount; not wide; having a short distance from one side to the other |
nationa country, together with its social and political systems |
nativesomeone who was born in a place, not one who moved there |
naturalof or about nature; normal; common to its kind |
natureall the plants, animals and other things on earth not created by humans; events or processes not caused by humans |
navythe part of a country's military force trained to fight at sea |
nearnot far; close to |
necessaryneeded to get a result or effect; required |
needto require; to want; to be necessary to have or to do |
negotiateto talk about a problem or situation to find a common solution |
neithernot one or the other of two |
nervea thin piece of tissue that sends information through the body to and from the brain |
neutralnot supporting one side or the other in a dispute |
neverat no time; not ever |
newnot existing before; not known before; recently made, built, bought or grown; another; different |
newsinformation about any recent events, especially as reported by the media |
nextcoming immediately after; nearest |
nicepleasing; good; kind |
nightthe time between when the sun goes down and when it rises, when there is little or no light |
noused to reject or to refuse; not any; not at all |
noisesound, especially when loud |
nominateto name someone as a candidate for an election; to propose a person for an office or position |
noonthe middle of the day; twelve o'clock in the daytime |
normalthe usual condition, amount or form; ad. usual; what is expected |
norththe direction to the left of a person facing the rising sun |
nota word showing that something is denied or untrue ("She is not going.") |
noteto talk about something already known; n. a word or words written to help a person remember; a short letter |
nothingnot anything; no thing |
nowat this time; immediately |
nowherenot in, to or at any place |
nuclearof or about the energy produced by splitting atoms or bringing them together; of or about weapons that explode by using energy from atoms |
nucleic acida molecule that holds the genetic information necessary for life; there are two kinds of nucleic acid: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) |
nucleusthe center part of an atom or cell |
numbera word or sign used to show the order or amount of things |
nutrienta food or substance that makes plants, humans or animals grow |
O
obeyto act as one is ordered to act |
objectto show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched |
observeto watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") |
occupyto take and hold or to control by force |
oceanthe area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water |
ofmade from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among |
offaway; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected |
offensivea military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking |
offerto present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed |
officea room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed |
officera person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force |
officiala person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power |
oftenmany times |
oila thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel |
oldnot young or new; having lived or existed for many years |
onabove and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.") |
onceone time only |
onlybeing the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.") |
opento start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret |
operateto do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons |
opiniona belief based on one's own ideas and thinking |
opposeto be against; to fight against |
oppositedifferent as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.") |
oppressto make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power |
orgiving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices |
orbitto travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet |
orderto give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws |
organa part of the body that has a special purpose, such as the heart or brain |
organisma living thing, often so small it can be seen only through a microscope |
organizeto put in order; to put together into a system |
otherdifferent; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.") |
ourof or belonging to us |
oustto force to leave; to remove by force |
outaway from the inside; opposite of in |
overabove; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world") |
overthrowto remove from power; to defeat or end by force |
oweto pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received |
ownto have or possess for oneself |
P
paina hurt or suffering somewhere in the body |
paintto cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface |
pana metal container used for cooking |
papera thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing |
parachutea device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground |
paradea group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary |
pardonto forgive for a crime and release from punishment |
parenta father or mother |
parliamenta government lawmaking group |
partsomething less than the whole; not all of something |
particlea very small piece of matter |
partya group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment |
passto go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go |
pass a billapprove ("Congress is expected to pass a bill to cut taxes.") |
passengera person travelling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver |
passporta document permitting a person to travel to another country |
pastthe time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former |
patha narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves |
patienta person being treated by a doctor for a health problem |
payto give money for work done or for something bought |
peacethe condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet |
peopleany group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people") |
percenta part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.") |
perfectcomplete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes |
performto speak, dance or sing in front of others |
periodan amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions |
permanentnever changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time |
permitto let; to make possible |
persona man, woman or child |
physicalof the body |
physicsthe study of motion, matter and energy |
picturesomething that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera |
piecea part of something larger |
piga farm animal used for its meat |
pilotone who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter |
pipea long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas |
placeto put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country |
planto organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ">("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.") |
planeta large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") |
plantto put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth |
plastica material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things |
playto have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater |
pleaseto make one happy; to give enjoyment |
plentyall that is needed; a large enough amount |
plotto make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal |
poemwords and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions |
pointto aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something |
poisona substance that can destroy life or damage health |
policea government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency |
policyan established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business |
politicsthe activities of government and of those who are in public office |
polluteto release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water |
poorpeople with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality |
popularliked by many people; generally approved by the public |
populationall the people in a place, city or country |
porta city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm |
positiona place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization |
possessto have; to own; to control or be controlled by |
possibleable to be done; can happen or is expected to happen |
postponeto delay action until a later time |
pourto flow; to cause to flow |
powerthe ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.") |
praiseto say good things about; to approve |
prayto make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit |
pregnantcarrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby |
presentto offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.") |
presidentthe chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization |
pressto urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications |
pressurethe force produced when something is pushed down or against something else |
preventto keep or stop from going or happening |
pricethe amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale |
prisona place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime |
privateof or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public |
prizesomething offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get |
profor, supporting (pro-labor, pro-government) |
probablya good chance of taking place; a little more than possible |
problema difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer |
processan operation or series of changes leading to a desired result |
produceto make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture |
professiona job that requires special training |
professora teacher at a college or university |
profitmoney gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity |
programa plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show |
progressmovement forward or toward improvement or a goal |
projecta planned effort to do something |
propagandaideas or information used to influence opinions |
propertyanything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods |
proposeto present or offer for consideration |
prostatea part of the male reproductive system |
protectto guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged |
proteinssubstances responsible for the growth of tissue and for fixing damaged tissue |
protestto speak against; to object |
proveto show to be true |
provideto give something needed or wanted |
publicof or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private |
publicationsomething that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine |
publishto make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine |
pullto use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push |
pumpto force a gas or liquid up, into or through |
punishto cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal |
purchaseto buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought |
purefree from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean |
purposethe reason or desired effect for doing something; goal |
pushto use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull |
putto place; to set in position |
Q
qualitythat which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") |
questionto ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed |
quickfast |
quietwith little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm |
R
raceto run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest; to take part in a campaign for political office; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color |
radara device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen |
radiationwaves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous |
radiothe system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires |
raidto make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something |
railroada road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment |
rainwater falling from the sky |
raiseto lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase |
rarenot common; not usual; not often |
ratespeed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold |
reto do again (reorganize, reunite) |
reachto put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to |
reactto act as a result of or in answer to |
readto look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers |
readyprepared; completed; organized; willing |
realtrue; truly existing; not false |
realisticin agreement with the way things are |
reasonthe cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains |
reasonableready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise |
rebelto act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country |
receiveto get or accept something given, offered or sent |
recenta short time ago |
recessiona temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs |
recognizeto know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government |
recordto write something in order to have it for future use; to put sound or pictures in a form that can be kept and heard or seen again; n. a writing that shows proof or facts about something |
recoverto get again something that was lost, stolen or taken away ("The police recovered the stolen money."); to return to normal health or normal conditions She is expected to recover from the operation.") |
redhaving the color like that of blood |
reduceto make less or smaller in number, size or amount; to cut |
reformto make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition |
refugeea person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war |
refuseto reject; to not accept, give or do something |
regreta feeling of sadness or sorrow about something that is done or that happens |
rejectto refuse to accept, use or believe |
relationsunderstandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties |
releaseto free; to permit to go; to permit to be known or made public |
religiona belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods |
remainto stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same |
remainsa dead body |
rememberto think about the past; opposite forget |
removeto take away or take off; to put an end to; to take out of a position or office |
repairwork done to fix something |
repeatto say or do again |
reportto tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed |
representto act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example |
repressto control or to restrict freedoms by force |
requestto ask for; n. the act of asking for |
requireto need or demand as necessary |
rescueto free from danger or evil |
researcha careful study to discover correct information |
resignto leave a position, job or office |
resistto oppose; to fight to prevent |
resolutionan official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting |
resourceanything of value that can be used or sold |
responsiblehaving a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") |
restto sit, lie down or sleep to regain strength; n. that which remains; the others |
restrainto keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group |
restrictto limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger |
resultto happen from a cause; n. that which follows or is produced by a cause; effect |
retireto leave a job or position because one is old or in poor health |
returnto go or come back; to bring, give, take or send back |
revoltto protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government |
ricea food grain |
richhaving much money or goods; having plenty of something |
rideto sit on or in and be carried along; to travel by animal, wheeled vehicle, airplane or boat |
rightwhat a person legally and morally should be able to do or have ("It is their right to vote."); ad. agreeing with the facts; good; correct; opposite wrong; on the side that is toward the east when one is facing north; opposite left |
riotto act with many others in a violent way in a public place; n. a violent action by a large group of people |
riseto go up; to go higher; to increase; to go from a position of sitting or lying to a position of standing |
riskthe chance of loss, damage or injury |
rivera large amount of water that flows across land into another river, a lake or an ocean |
roada long piece of hard ground built between two places so people can walk, drive or ride easily from one place to the other |
robto take money or property secretly or by force; to steal |
robota machine that moves and performs tasks |
rocka hard piece of mineral matter |
rocketa device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon |
rollto turn over and over; to move like a ball |
rooma separate area within a building with its own walls |
rootthe part of a plant that is under the ground and takes nutrients from the soil |
ropea long, thick piece of material made from thinner pieces of material, used for tying |
roughnot flat or smooth; having an uneven surface; violent; not made well |
roundhaving the shape of a ball or circle |
rubto move something over the surface of another thing |
rubbera substance made from the liquid of trees with the same name, or a similar substance made from chemicals |
ruinto damage severely; to destroy |
ruleto govern or control; to decide; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done |
runto move quickly by steps faster than those used for walking |
S
sabotageto damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.") |
sacrificeto do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person |
sadnot happy |
safeaway from harm or danger |
sailto travel by boat or ship |
sailora person involved in sailing a boat or ship |
salta white substance found in sea water and in the ground, used to affect the taste of food |
samenot different; not changed; like another or others |
sandextremely small pieces of crushed rock found in large amounts in deserts and on coasts |
satellitea small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth |
satisfyto give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded |
saveto make safe; to remove from harm; to keep for future use |
sayto speak; to express in words |
schoola place for education; a place where people go to learn |
sciencethe study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them |
seaa large area of salt water, usually part of an ocean |
searchto look for carefully |
seasonone of the four periods of the year that is based on the earth's position toward the sun (spring, summer, autumn, winter); a period of time based on different weather conditions ("dry season", "rainy season"); a period during the year when something usually happens ("baseball season") |
seata thing to sit on; a place to sit or the right to sit there ("a seat in parliament") |
secondthe one that comes after the first |
secretsomething known only to a few and kept from general knowledge; ad. hidden from others; known only to a few |
securityfreedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") |
seeto know or sense through the eyes; to understand or know |
seedthe part of a plant from which new plants grow |
seek(ing)to search for ("They are seeking a cure for cancer."); to try to get ("She is seeking election to public office."); to plan to do ("Electric power companies are seeking to reduce their use of coal.") |
seemto appear to be ("She seems to be in good health.") |
seizeto take quickly by force; to take control of quickly; to arrest |
selfall that which makes one person different from others |
sellto give something in exchange for money |
Senatethe smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress |
sendto cause to go; to permit to go; to cause to be carried, taken or directed to or away from a place |
senseto come to know about by feeling, believing or understanding; n. any of the abilities to see, hear, taste, smell or feel |
sentenceto declare the punishment for a crime; n. the punishment for a crime |
separateto set or keep people, things or ideas away from or independent from others; ad. not together or connected; different |
seriesa number of similar things or events that follow one after another in time, position or order |
seriousimportant; needing careful consideration; dangerous |
serveto work as an official; to be employed by the government; to assist or help |
servicean organization or system that provides something for the public ("Schools and roads are services paid for by taxes."); a job that an organization or business can do for money; military organizations such as an army, navy or air force; a religious ceremony |
setto put in place or position; to establish a time, price or limit |
settleto end (a dispute); to agree about (a problem); to make a home in a new place |
severalthree or more, but not many |
severenot gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage |
sexeither the male or female group into which all people and animals are divided because of their actions in producing young; the physical activity by which humans and animals can produce young |
shaketo move or cause to move in short, quick movements |
shapeto give form to; n. the form of something, especially how it looks |
shareto give part of something to another or others; n. a part belonging to, given to or owned by a single person or a group; any one of the equal parts of ownership of a business or company |
sharphaving a thin edge or small point that can cut or hurt; causing hurt or pain |
shethe girl or woman who is being spoken about |
sheepa farm animal used for its meat and hair |
shellto fire artillery; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover |
shelterto protect or give protection to; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety |
shineto aim a light; to give bright light; to be bright; to clean to make bright |
shipto transport; n. a large boat |
shockto cause to feel sudden surprise or fear; n. something that greatly affects the mind or emotions; a powerful shake, as from an earthquake |
shoea covering for the foot |
shootto cause a gun or other weapon to send out an object designed to kill; to use a gun |
shortlasting only for a small period of time; not long; opposite tall |
shouldused with another verb (action word) to show responsibility ("We should study."), probability ("The talks should begin soon."), or that something is believed to be a good idea ("Criminals should be punished.") |
shoutto speak very loudly |
showto make something be seen; to make known; n. a play or story presented in a theater, or broadcast on radio or television, for enjoyment or education; something organized to be seen by the public |
shrinkto make or become less in size, weight or value |
sicksuffering physically or mentally with a disease or other problem; not in good health |
sicknessthe condition of being in bad health |
sidethe outer surfaces of an object that are not the top or bottom; parts away from the middle; either the right or left half of the body |
signto write one's name; n. a mark or shape used to mean something; evidence that something exists or will happen; a flat piece of material with writing that gives information |
signalto send a message by signs; n. an action or movement that sends a message |
silenceto make quiet; to stop from speaking or making noise; n. a lack of noise or sound |
silvera valued white metal |
similarlike something else but not exactly the same |
simpleeasy to understand or do; not difficult or complex |
sincefrom a time in the past until now ("I have known her since we went to school together.") |
singto make music sounds with the voice |
singleone only |
sinkto go down into water or other liquid |
sistera female with the same father or mother as another person |
sitto rest on the lower part of the body without the support of the legs; to become seated |
situationthe way things are during a period of time |
sizethe space occupied by something; how long, wide or high something is |
skeletonall the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions |
skillthe ability gained from training or experience |
skinthe outer covering of humans and most animals |
skythe space above the earth |
slavea person owned or controlled by another |
sleepto rest the body and mind with the eyes closed |
slideto move smoothly over a surface |
slowto reduce the speed of; ad. not fast in moving, talking or other activities |
smalllittle in size or amount; few in number; not important; opposite large |
smashto break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with >force |
smellto sense through the nose; n. something sensed by the nose ("the smell of food cooking") |
smoketo use cigarettes or other tobacco products by burning them and breathing in the smoke; n. that which can be seen rising into the air like a cloud from something burning |
smoothhaving a level surface; opposite rough |
snowsoft, white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky, usually in winter or when the air temperature is very cold |
soin such a way that ("He held the flag so all could see it."); also; too ("She left early, and so did we."); very ("I am so sick."); as a result ("They were sick, so they could not come."); conj. in order that; for the purpose of ("Come early so we can discuss the plans.") |
socialof or about people or a group |
softnot hard; easily shaped; pleasing to touch; not loud |
soilearth in which plants grow |
soldiera person in the army |
solidhaving a hard shape with no empty spaces inside; strong; not in the form of a liquid or gas |
solveto find an answer; to settle |
someof an amount or number or part not stated; not all |
sona person's male child |
soonnot long after the present time; quickly |
sortany group of people or things that are the same or are similar in some way; a kind of something |
soundfast-moving waves of energy that affect the ear and result in hearing; that which is heard |
souththe direction to the right of a person facing the rising sun |
spacethe area outside the earth's atmosphere where the sun, moon, planets and stars are; the area between or inside things |
speakto talk; to say words with the mouth; to express one's thoughts to others and exchange ideas; to give a speech to a group |
specialof a different or unusual kind; not for general use; better or more important than others of the same kind |
speecha talk given to a group of people |
speedto make something go or move faster; n. the rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done |
spendto give as payment; to use ("He spends much time studying.") |
spillto cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident |
spiritthe part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death |
splitto separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts |
sportany game or activity of competition involving physical effort or skill |
spreadto become longer or wider; to make or become widely known |
springthe time of the year between winter and summer |
spyto steal or get information secretly; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country |
squarea flat shape having four equal sides |
stabto cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon |
standto move into or be in a position in which only the feet are on a surface; to be in one position or place |
stara mass of gas that usually appears as a small light in the sky at night, but is not a planet; a famous person, usually an actor or singer |
startto begin; to make something begin |
starveto suffer or die from a lack of food |
stateto say; to declare; n. a political part of a nation |
stationa place of special work or purpose ("a police station"); a place where passengers get on or off trains or buses; a place for radio or television broadcasts |
statuea form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal |
stayto continue to be where one is; to remain; to not leave; to live for a time ("They stayed in New York for two years.") |
stealto take without permission or paying |
steamthe gas that comes from hot water |
steeliron made harder and stronger by mixing it with other substances |
stepto move by lifting one foot and placing it in a new position; n. the act of stepping; one of a series of actions designed to reach a goal |
stickto attach something to another thing using a substance that will hold them together; to become fixed in one position so that movement is difficult ("Something is making the door stick."); n. a thin piece of wood |
stillnot moving ("The man was standing still."); until the present or a stated time ("Was he still there?"); even so; although ("The job was difficult, but she still wanted to do it.") |
stomachbreaks down food for the body to use |
stonea small piece of rock |
stopto prevent any more movement or action; to come or bring to an end |
storeto keep or put away for future use; n. a place where people buy things |
stormviolent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow |
storythe telling or writing of an event, either real or imagined |
stovea heating device used for cooking |
straightcontinuing in one direction without turns |
strangeunusual; not normal; not known |
streeta road in a city, town or village |
stretchto extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider |
striketo hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands |
stronghaving much power; not easily broken, damaged or destroyed |
structurethe way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building |
struggleto try with much effort; to fight with; n. a great effort; a fight |
studyto make an effort to gain knowledge by using the mind; to examine carefully |
stupidnot able to learn much; not intelligent |
subjectthe person or thing being discussed, studied or written about |
submarinean underwater ship |
substancethe material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) |
substituteto put or use in place of another; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another |
subversionan attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly |
succeedto reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result |
suchof this or that kind; of the same kind as; similar to |
suddennot expected; without warning; done or carried out quickly or without preparation |
sufferto feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness |
sugara sweet substance made from liquids taken from plants |
suggestto offer or propose something to think about or consider |
summerthe warmest time of the year, between spring and autumn |
sunthe huge star in the sky that provides heat and light to earth |
superviseto direct and observe the work of others |
supplyto give; to provide; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others |
supportto carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve |
supposeto believe, think or imagine ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.") |
suppressto put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly |
surevery probable; with good reason to believe; true without question |
surfacethe outer side or top of something ("The rocket landed on the surface of the moon.") |
surplusan amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.") |
surpriseto cause a feeling of wonder because something is not expected; n. something not expected; the feeling caused by something not expected |
surrenderto give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat |
surroundto form a circle around; to be in positions all around someone or something |
surviveto remain alive during or after a dangerous situation |
suspectto imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal; n. a person believed to be guilty |
suspendto cause to stop for a period of time |
swallowto take into the stomach through the mouth |
swear into put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office ("The chief justice will swear in the president.") |
sweettasting pleasant, like sugar |
swimto move through water by making motions with the arms and legs |
sympathya sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness |
systema method of organizing or doing something by following rules or a plan; a group of connected things or parts working together for a common purpose or goal |
T
taketo put a hand or hands around something and hold it, often to move it to another place; to carry something ; to seize; to capture; to begin to be in control ("The president takes office tomorrow.") |
take stepsto start to do something ("The government will take steps to halt inflation.") |
talkto express thoughts in spoken words; n. a meeting for discussion |
tallhigher than others; opposite short |
tanka large container for holding liquids; a heavy military vehicle with guns |
targetany person or object aimed at or fired at |
tasteto sense through the mouth ("The fruit tastes sweet.") |
taxthe money a person or business must pay to the government so the government can provide services |
teaa drink made from the plant of the same name |
teachto show how to do something; to provide knowledge; to cause to understand |
teama group organized for some purpose, often for sports |
tearto pull apart, often by force |
tearsthe fluid that comes out of the eyes while crying |
technicalinvolving machines, processes and materials in industry, transportation and communications; of or about a very special kind of subject or thing ("You need technical knowledge to understand how this system works.") |
technologythe use of scientific knowledge and methods to produce goods and services |
telephonea device or system for sending sounds, especially the voice, over distances |
telescopea device for making objects that are far away appear closer and larger |
televisiona device that receives electronic signals and makes them into pictures and sounds; the system of sending pictures and sounds by electronic signals over a distance so others can see and hear them on a receiver |
tellto give information; to make known by speaking; to order; to command |
temperaturethe measurement of heat and cold |
temporarylasting only a short time |
tensehaving fear or concern; dangerous; opposite calm |
terma limited period of time during which someone does a job or carries out a responsibility ("He served two terms in Congress."); the conditions of an agreement that have been accepted by those involved in it |
terriblevery bad; causing terror or fear |
territorya large area of land |
terrorextreme fear; that which causes great fear |
terrorista person who carries out acts of extreme violence as a protest or a way to influence a government |
testto attempt to learn or prove what something is like or how it will act by studying or doing ("The scientists will test the new engine soon."); n. an attempt to learn or prove what something is like or how it will act by studying or doing ("The test of the new engine takes place today."); a group of questions or problems used to find out a person's knowledge ("The students did well on the language test.") |
thanconnecting word used to link things that may be similar, but are not equal ("My sister is taller than I am.") |
thankto say that one has a good feeling toward another because that person did something kind ("I want to thank you for helping me.") |
thatshowing the person, place or thing being spoken about ("That man is a soldier."); pro. the person, place or thing being spoken about ("The building that I saw was very large.") |
theused in front of a name word to show that it is a person or thing that is known about or is being spoken about |
theatera place where movies are shown or plays are performed |
themother people being spoken about |
thenat that time; existing; and so |
theorya possible explanation of why something exists or how something happens using experiments or ideas, but which is not yet proven ("Other scientists are debating his theory about the disappearance of dinosaurs.") |
therein that place or position; to or toward that place |
theseof or about the people, places or things nearby that have been spoken about already |
theythose ones being spoken about |
thickhaving a large distance between two opposite surfaces ("The wall is two meters thick."); having many parts close together ("The forest is very thick."); almost solid, such as a liquid that does not flow easily; opposite thin |
thinhaving a small distance between two opposite surfaces; not fat; not wide; opposite thick |
thingany object |
thinkto produce thoughts; to form ideas in the mind; to consider; to believe |
thirdcoming after two others |
thisof or about the person, place or thing nearby that has been spoken about already |
threatento warn that one will do harm or cause damage |
throughin at one end and out at the other; from front to back; from top to bottom; with the help of; by |
throwto cause to go through the air by a movement of the arm |
tieto join or hold together with some material; n. anything that joins or unites; links or connections ("The two nations have strong trade ties.") |
timethat which is measured in minutes, hours, days and years; a period that can be identified in hours and minutes and is shown on a clock; a period when an event should or will take place |
tiredhaving less strength because of work or exercise; needing sleep or rest |
tissueliving material; a group of cells that are similar in appearance and do the same thing |
toshowing the direction of an action; showing the person or place toward which an action is directed; showing a goal or purpose |
todaythis day |
togetherin one group; at the same time or place; in cooperation |
tomorrowthe day after today |
tonightthis night |
tooalso; as well as; more than is necessary |
toolany instrument or device designed to help one do work |
topthe upper edge or surface; the highest part; the cover of something |
tortureto cause severe pain; n. the act of causing severe pain in order to harm, to punish or to get information from |
totalthe complete amount |
touchto put the hand or fingers on |
towardin the direction of; leading to |
towna center where people live, larger than a village but not as large as a city |
tradeto buy and sell or exchange products or services; n. the activity of buying, selling or exchanging products or services |
traditiona ceremony, activity or belief that has existed for a long time |
trafficthe movement of people, vehicles or ships along a street, road or waterway |
tragicextremely sad; terrible |
trainto teach or learn how to do something; to prepare for an activity; n. an engine and the cars connected to it that move along a railroad |
transportto move goods or people from one place to another |
transportationthe act or business of moving goods or people |
trapto catch or be caught by being tricked; to be unable to move or escape; n. a device used to catch animals |
travelto go from one place to another, usually for a long distance |
treasonthe act of fighting against one's own country or of helping its enemies |
treasurea large collection of money, jewels or other things of great value |
treatto deal with; to act toward in a special way; to try to cure |
treatmentthe act of treating; the use of medicine to try to cure or make better |
treatya written agreement between two or more nations |
treea very tall plant that is mostly wood, except for its leaves |
trialan examination in a court of a question or dispute to decide if a charge is true |
tribea group of families ruled by a common chief or leader |
trickto cheat; to fool a person so as to get something or make him or her do something |
tripa movement from one place to another, usually a long distance |
troopsa number of soldiers in a large controlled group |
troublethat which causes concern, fear, difficulty or problems |
trucea temporary halt in fighting agreed to by all sides involved |
trucka heavy vehicle used to carry goods |
truecorrect; not false |
trustto believe that someone is honest and will not cause harm |
tryto make an effort; to take court action against a person to decide if he or she is guilty or innocent of a crime |
tubea long, round structure through which liquids or gases can flow; a long, thin container in which they can be kept |
turnto change direction; to move into a different position; to change color, form or shape |
U
unnot (unusual, unhappy) |
underbelow; below the surface of; less than; as called for by a law, agreement or system ("The river flows under the bridge." "Such action is not permitted under the law.") |
understandto know what is meant; to have knowledge of |
uniteto join together |
universeall of space, including planets and stars |
universitya place of education that usually includes several colleges and research organizations |
unlessexcept if it happens; on condition that ("I will not go, unless the rain stops.") |
untilup to a time; before |
upto, in or at a higher position or value |
urgeto advise strongly; to make a great effort to get someone to do something |
urgentneeding an immediate decision or action |
usthe form of the word "we" used after a preposition ("He said he would write to us.") or used as an object of a verb ("They saw us yesterday.") |
useto employ for a purpose; to put into action |
usualas is normal or common; as is most often done, seen or heard |
uterusa part of the female reproductive system where a fetus develops |
V
valleya long area of land between higher areas of land |
valuethe quality of being useful, important or desired; the amount of money that could be received if something is sold |
vegetablea plant grown for food |
vehicleanything on or in which a person or thing can travel or be transported, especially anything on wheels; a car or truck |
versionthe form of something with different details than earlier or later forms |
veryextremely ("He was very late.") |
vetoto reject or refuse to approve |
viciousbad; dangerous; showing harm or hate |
victimsomeone or something that is injured, killed or made to suffer; someone who is tricked |
victorya success in a fight or competition |
villagea very small town |
violateto fail to obey or honor; to break (an agreement) |
violencethe use of force to cause injury, death or damage |
virusa kind of organism that causes disease |
visitto go to or come to a place for a short time for friendly or business reasons |
voicethe sound made by creatures, especially humans, for speaking |
volcanoa hill or mountain around a hole in the earth's surface that can explode, sending hot, melted rock and ash into the air |
voteto choose a candidate in an election; n. a choice or decision expressed by the voice, by hand or by writing |
W
wagesmoney received for work done |
waitto delay acting; to postpone |
walkto move by putting one foot in front of the other |
wallthe side of a room or building formed by wood, stone or other material; a structure sometimes used to separate areas of land |
wantto desire; to wish for; to need |
warfighting between nations, or groups in a nation, using weapons |
warmalmost hot; having or feeling some heat |
warnto tell of possible danger; to advise or inform about something bad that may happen |
washto make clean, usually with water |
wasteto spend or use without need or care; to make bad use of; n. a spending of money, time or effort with no value gained or returned; something thrown away as having no value; the liquid and solid substances that result from body processes and are passed out of the body |
watchto look at; to observe closely; to look and wait for |
waterthe liquid that falls from the sky as rain or is found in lakes, rivers and oceans |
waveto move or cause to move one way and the other, as a flag in the wind; to signal by moving the hand one way and the other; n. a large mass of water that forms and moves on the surface of a lake or ocean |
waya path on land or sea or in the air; how something is done; method |
wetwo or more people, including the speaker or writer ("He and I will go together, and we will return together.") |
weakhaving little power; easily broken, damaged or destroyed; opposite strong |
wealtha large amount of possessions, money or other things of value |
weaponanything used to cause injury or to kill during an attack, fight or war |
wearto have on the body, as clothes |
weatherthe condition of the atmosphere resulting from sun, wind, rain, heat or cold |
weeka period of time equal to seven days |
weighto measure how heavy someone or something is |
welcometo express happiness or pleasure when someone arrives or something develops |
wellin a way that is good or pleasing; in good health; n. a hole in the ground where water, gas or oil can be found |
westthe direction in which the sun goes down |
wetcovered with water or other liquid; not dry |
whatused to ask about something or to ask for information about something ("What is this?"); ad. which or which kind ("He wants to know what you would like to drink.") |
wheata grain used to make bread; the plant that produces the grain |
wheela round structure that turns around a center |
whenat what time; at any time ("When will she come home?"); conj. during or at the time ("I studied hard when I was in school.") |
wheread., conj. at, to or in what place ("Where is his house?" "The house where he lives is in the old part of the city.") |
whichused to ask about what one or what ones of a group of things or people ("Which program do you like best?" "Which students will take the test?") |
whilea space of time ("Please come to my house for a while."); conj. at or during the same time ("It may not be a good idea to eat while you are running.") |
whitehaving the color like that of milk or snow |
whowhat or which person or persons that ("Who wants to go?"); the person or persons ("They are the ones who want to go.") |
wholethe complete amount; all together; not divided; not cut into pieces |
whyfor what cause or reason ("Why did she do it?"); conj. the reason for which ("I do not know why she did it.") |
widehaving a great distance from one side to the other; not limited |
wifea woman who is married |
wildliving and growing in natural conditions and not organized or supervised by humans; angry; uncontrolled |
willa word used with action words to show future action ("They will hold talks tomorrow.") |
willingbeing ready or having a desire to ("They are willing to talk about the problem.") |
winto gain a victory; to defeat another or others in a competition, election or battle |
winda strong movement of air |
windowan opening in a wall to let in light and air, usually filled with glass |
winterthe coldest time of year, between autumn and spring |
wirea long, thin piece of metal used to hang objects or to carry electricity or electronic communications from one place to another |
wisehaving much knowledge and understanding; able to use knowledge and understanding to make good or correct decisions |
wishto want; to express a desire for |
withalong or by the side of; together; using ("He fixed it with a tool."); having ("the house with the red door") |
withdrawto take or move out, away or back; to remove |
withoutwith no; not having or using; free from; not doing |
womanan adult female human |
wonderto ask oneself; to question ("She wonders if it is true."); n. a feeling of surprise |
wonderfulcausing wonder; especially good |
woodthe solid material of which trees are made |
wordone or more connected sounds that form a single part of a language |
workto use physical or mental effort to make or do something; n. the effort used to make or to do something; that which needs effort; the job one does to earn money |
worldthe earth; the people who live on the earth |
worryto be concerned; to continue thinking that something, possibly bad, can happen |
worsemore bad than |
worthvalue measured in money |
woundto injure; to hurt; to cause physical damage to a person or animal; n. an injury to the body of a human or animal in which the skin is usually cut or broken |
wreckto damage greatly; to destroy; n. anything that has been badly damaged or broken |
wreckagewhat remains of something severely damaged or destroyed |
writeto use an instrument to make words appear on a surface, such as paper |
wrongnot correct; bad; not legal; opposite right |
X
x-raysa kind of radiation that can pass through most solid materials, often used in medicine |
Y
yeara period of time equal to twelve months |
yellowhaving the color like that of gold or the sun |
yesused to express agreement or to permit |
yesterdaythe day before today |
yetat some time before now ("Have they arrived yet?"); now; at this time ("I cannot tell you about it yet."); conj. however ("The sun was shining, yet it was cold.") |
youthe person or persons being spoken to |
youngin the early years of life; not old |
Z
zerothe number meaning none or nothing |
zooa place where animals are kept for the public to look at and study |