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A

Arithmetic Sequence

A sequence of numbers in which terms are generated by adding or subtracting a constant amount to the preceding term. Examples: 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, . where 8 is added; 4, -1, -6, -11, . where 5 is subtracted.


Array

An ordered collection of counters, numbers etc. in rows and columns.


Average

See 'mean’. Compare with 'mode' and 'median'.


Axis

A fixed, reference line along which or from which distances or angles are measured, and shapes are translated. For axis of symmetry, see 'reflection symmetry'.


B

Bar Chart

A format for representing statistical information. Bars, of equal width, represent frequencies and the lengths of the bars are proportional to the frequencies. Sometimes called bar graph.


Bar Line Chart

Similar to a bar chart, the width of bars is reduced so that they appear as lines. The lengths of the bar lines are proportional to the frequencies. Sometimes called bar line graph.


Bearing

The direction of a line specified by the angle it makes with a North-South line. The angle is measured in degrees from North in a clockwise direction. Bearings are usually given in a three figure format.


Bisect

In geometry, to divide into two equal parts.


Bisector

A point, line or plane that divides (a line, an angle or a solid shape) into two equal parts. A perpendicular bisector is a line at right angles to a line segment that divides it into two equal parts.


Box Plot

A diagram to represent a set of ranked numerical data. A box represents the interquartile range. Lines from the points representing the maximum and minimum values to the box are sometimes referred to as whiskers. The median is marked on the box by a line.



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