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S

SMS messaging

SMS is a simple text messaging application for mobile phones, allowing users to communicate asynchronously over mobile networks. SMS messages can be entered manually on the telephone keypad or generated by a computer program. In a learning context, SMS messaging has been used to a limited degree as a means of contact between teachers and students, and between students and other students.

Streaming media

Streaming is a technology for delivering audio and video in real-time on web sites. Rather than users having to wait for large audio and video files to download before they can be played back, streaming allows playback to commence almost immediately. Streaming media solutions are provided by Microsoft (Windows Media Services), Real Systems (RealServer), Apple (Quicktime Streaming Server) and Adobe (Flash Media Server).


T

Teleconferencing

A way for more than two participants to engage in a telephone conversation, using mobile phones or land lines. Requires the support of a teleconferencing service that allows multiple participants to join a call. Could be used in a learning context for any kind of real-time group activity that does not require face-to-face contact.

Television

In its non-interactive form, television is a medium for delivering live or recorded moving pictures and sound off-air or via a DVD or VCR. In a learning context, television can be used as a means for transmitting educational programming (a la the Open University) or as a stimulus for informal learning.

Text book

A printed book containing formal learning content.

The real world

'The real world' means, in this sense, away from formal learning settings and media. It provides the backdrop for all our informal learning as well as opportunities for project work.


Two-way telephone communication

Standard voice communication between two parties using land lines or mobile telephones. In a learning context, could be employed to allow tutor-learner or learner-learner contact.

V

Videocassette

A means for recording (with the aid of a video camera) and playing back (through a television) video material with accompanying soundtrack. Most videocassettes record in the analogue VHS format, although a variety of specialist, digital formats have evolved in recent years for integration into digital camcorders. In a learning context, videocassettes are most likely to be used for recording student role-plays, presentations and similar activities for subsequent playback with feedback or for recording TV programmes off-air. As a pure playback device, videocassettes are gradually being superceded by DVDs and online video streaming.

Videodisc

Sometimes known as 'laserdisc'. Now largely obsolete, videodiscs are 12" analogue, laser-read devices, used primarily for the display of video material with accompanying soundtrack, but also capable of displaying still images. Videodiscs can be used on a stand-alone basis or connected to a computer to permit what used to be called 'interactive video'. A videodisc can store 36 minutes of video and stereo audio per side or more than 50,000 still frames.

Virtual classroom

A virtual classroom is form of web conferencing that integrates many real-time online communication facilities, including text chat, slide presentations, audio/video conferencing, electronic whiteboards and application sharing. Virtual classrooms differ only marginally from mainstream web conferencing, in that they integrate with learning management systems and can provide features such as interactive questions, activities in syndicate groups and evaluation forms.

Virtual classrooms can be used to host one-to-one coaching, small group discussions, classes and seminars (often labelled as 'webinars'). Sessions rarely last longer than an hour.

The most popular virtual classroom packages are Centra, Interwise, Webex and Microsoft LiveMeeting and Breeze.



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