Transportation Program Glossary (James Depow)

Negotiated priveleges, between countries, that allows for foreign airlines to fly over, land in or out of another country.  These freedoms were initially developed in 1944 and currently consist of nine (9).

Further information, including pictures, can be found at http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch3en/conc3en/airfreedom.html 

A combination vehicle consisting of a tractor and two or three semi-trailers, where each towed trailer is hitched to a fifth wheel on the frame of the preceding trailer.

Courtesy of Transport Canada

A contract for the carriage of goods.

A bill of lading has three purposes:

1. A receipt to the shipper signed by, or on behalf of, the carrier, acknowledging that specified goods have been received for shipment;
2. A memorandum of the terms and conditions of the contract between the shipper and the carrier for the transportation of the goods to the destination named in the contract; and
3. It may be evidence of the title of the goods.

The weight of a shipment as shown on the freight bill; not necessarily the actual weight.

a) A person who arranges for transportation of loads for a percentage of the revenue from the load.

As determined by the Surface Transportation Board, a railway with annual operating revenues that exceed a threshold indexed to a base of $250 million in 1991 dollars. According to Statistics Canada, there are three Class I railways in Canada: Canadian National (CN) and Canadian Pacific Railway(CPR) in freight transportation and VIA Rail Canada in passenger rail.

Source: http://www.irtcanada.net/en_Terms.htm

A railway whose operating revenues are between $40 million to $250 million. Class II rail-ways include the two regional railways in BC and Ontario and all short lines

Source: http://www.irtcanada.net/en_Terms.htm

An accessorial service whereby the carrier collects an amount from the consignee, for the goods themselves (i.e., the purchase price of the goods) , before delivery of the freight, and remits that amount to the shipper or designated party.

The amount to be collected is determined by the shipper and stated on the bill of lading.

Damage to the goods shipped not readily apparent by viewing the outside packaging (carton, crate, box, etc).

Damage to contents of a package that is apparently in good condition externally.

A shipping system based upon large cargo-carrying containers that can be easily interchanged between trucks, trains, and ships, without the rehandling of contents. Standard container lengths are 6 metres (20 feet) and 12 metres (40 feet).

Dry Container

A device used to connect a truck tractor to a semi-trailer that permits articulation (turning of the units relative to each other in the horizontal plane) between the units. It is generally composed of a trunnion plate and latching mechanism mounted on the truck tractor, and a king-pin assemble mounted on the semi-trailer.

Coutesty of : Kenworth (http://www.kenworth.com/6100_pre_mor.asp?file=1513)

Free On Board.

Loaded aboard a carrier's vehicle and at which point the responsibiltiy for risk and expense (ownership) passes from seller to buyer.

Example:

a) For a shipment sent FOB origin, Toronto to Fredericton, the transfer of ownership passes to the buyer once the freight is loaded onto the carrier's vehicle.

b) If the same shipment is sent FOB destination, the transfer of ownership does not happen until the freight is unloaded at the receiver's (consignee) location.

Example:

The private sector company responsible for the operation of Canada's civil air navigation service (ANS).

NAV CANADA co-ordinates the safe and efficient movement of aircraft in Canadian domestic airspace and international airspace assigned to Canadian control. Through its coast-to-coast operations, NAV CANADA provides air traffic control, flight information services including weather briefings and airport advisory services, and air navigation and approach aids. Source: http://www.navcanada.ca/

The Standard Classification of Transported Goods (SCTG) consists of a blend of transportation characteristics, commodity similarities, and industry-of-origin considerations, designed to create statistically significant categories. It is a structured list that is defined at its less-detailed levels according to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS), and at more-detailed levels, according to patterns of industrial activity. Other factors in the definition of categories were transportation considerations such as volume, revenue, value, origin, and destination.

Source: Stats Canada

The Surface Transportation Board, the U.S. agency responsible for various economic regulation of railroads, motor carriers, motor carrier freight brokers, water carriers, freight forwarders, and pipelines.

This agency replaced the ICC (the Intersate Commerce Commission).